EMSO - European experience

Various deep-sea observation systems are already in service in Europe, as well as various components of the future infrastructure

Underwater cables:
Ligurian Sea (ANTARES)
Eastern Sicily (NEMO-SN1)

Underwater vehicles:
AUVs (e.g., AUTOSUB2)
ROVs (e.g., VICTOR, QUESTS, ISIS, MODUS)
Manned submersibles (e.g., NAUTILE)

Sensors, in situ tools:(e.g., OBS, flow meter, pressure gauge, camera, ASSEM, EXOCET/D...)

Non real-time relocatable systems for targeted site surveys:
(OBS, piezometer, moorings)

Europe has a great experience in deep sea observatories through U.E funded projects:

GEOSTAR 1, 2 & ORION-GEOSTAR 3
ASSEM - STREP (FP 5 )
ESONET Concerted action (FP5)
EXOCET/D – STREP (FP6)
ESONIM - ESONET Implementation Model - SSA (FP)
KM3NET - Design Study – SSA (FP6)
MoMARNeT – P&M Curie Network (FP6)
ESONET Network of Excellence (FP6)
ECORD / IODP proposal for bore holes in the Ligurian Sea (submitted)
NEAREST - Integrated observations from Near Shore Sources of Tsunamis: towards an early warning system